Vienna (
/viːˈɛnə/; German: Wien [viːn]; Viennese German: Wean) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million[3] (2.4 million within the metropolitan area,[2] more than 25% of Austria's population), and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 9th-largest city by population in the European Union. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, such as the United Nations and OPEC.
/viːˈɛnə/; German: Wien [viːn]; Viennese German: Wean) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million[3] (2.4 million within the metropolitan area,[2] more than 25% of Austria's population), and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre. It is the 9th-largest city by population in the European Union. Vienna is host to many major international organizations, such as the United Nations and OPEC.
Vienna lies in the east of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic,Slovakia, and Hungary. These regions work together in a European Centrope border region. Along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants, and this region is referred to as Twin City.[citation needed] In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[4]
Vienna is often said to be "The City of Dreams" because it was home to one of the world's greatest interpreters of dreams, Professor Sigmund Freud.[5]
Vienna has its roots in early Celtic and Roman settlements that transformed into aMedieval and Baroque city, the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city is well known for playing an essential role as a leading European Music Centre, from the great age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th century. The Historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural ensembles, including Baroque castles and gardens, as well as the late-19th-century Ringstrasse lined with grand buildings, monuments and parks.[6]
In a 2005 study of 127 world cities, the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked the city first (in a tie with Vancouver, Canada) for quality of life.[7] This assessment was mirrored by the Mercer Survey in 2009, 2010 and 2011.[8][9] Analytically, the city was ranked 1st globally for a culture of innovation in 2007 and 2008, and 2nd globally after Boston in 2009 from 256 cities on an analysis of 162 indicators in the Innovation Cities Index on a 3-factor score covering culture, infrastructure and markets.[10] As a city, Vienna regularly hosts urban planning conferences and is often used as a case study by urban planners.[11]
This city rates highly in popular opinion-based journalistic rankings from magazines such as the Economist Intelligence Unit, whom rated it the second best city in which to live according to their Global Livability Survey in 2011[12] as well as Monocle, where it is rated 8th among the "Top 25 Livable Cities" in 2010.[13]
In each single year since 2005 so far, Vienna has been the world's number one destination of international congresses and conventions,[14] thus contributing to attracting at about five million tourists a year[15] which makes up a record of roughly three tourists per city inhabitant.
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